Pakistan is a case of double injustice contributing a minuscule share of global greenhouse gases, yet it is
bearing the brunt of global climate change impacts. It ranks among the top 10 countries vulnerable to
climate change (Eckstein et al., 2021). The 2022 IPCC Report underlines the heightened vulnerabilities
because of global warming and climate change leading to more floods. The Asia-Pacific Disaster Report
20221, Pakistan could lose more than 9 percent of its annual GDP due to climate change. The Notre Dame
Gain Matrix2 ranks Pakistan 5th most impacted country by climate change shocks and is positioned as the
36th least-prepared nation to cope with climate changes (The World Bank Group, 2021). Besides, Pakistan
scores worst on the indicator of Agriculture Capacity3 at 0.939.
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